money mean What does finance anyway? 01 06 back next Money is a concept based on TRUST phonelink …Meanwhile Societal TRUST in our global financial system has eroded Inequalities have resulted from asset inflationary policies since the 2008 crash. Currencies' value is based on trust in government and markets view of their fiscal competence - not based on any commodity Money isn't cash - its in digital ledgers of financial institutions, transacted through digital payments networks But money has gone digital …The integrity of Financial transactions is under threat Regulatory and cyber defence systems struggle to keep pace with $10 trillion online financial fraud annually, and legacy payments systems still have frictions. …And systemic risks to resilience and stability remain Lack of transparency and increasing interconnectedness of financial systems makes oversight and resilience to shocks challenging. Digital Trust and Financial Innovations finance The October 2024 UK Data Use and Access Bill which will establish a statutory footing for private sector engagement in digital identity verification, and new categories of smart data sharing Central Bank Digital Currencies are digital versions of paper cash. They are proposed as a new way to make payments and transfer funds. Unlike cryptocurrencies they are issued, backed and regulated by central banks. The Bank of England, Federal Reserve and European Central bank all have plans underway. back next Digital Trust technologies have potential for transformation of existing financial services by providing the means to own and transact digital assets. 02 06 In November 2024 HM Treasury National Payments Vision laid out a UK roadmap for Payments Processing focussing on increased trust and resilience in UK payments, and are issuing their first Digital Asset ("DIGIT" government bond). Digital Trust Technology Meanwhile within conventional finance, Digital Trust technologies are seen as a platform fundamental to the future of financial systems in areas of smart data sharing, digital identity and digital currency.
finance back next The November 2024 HM Treasury National Payments Vision lays out a UK roadmap to a “Trusted world-leading ecosystem delivered on next generation technology” focussing on increased trust and resilience in UK payments foundations, specifically including digital trust technologies of blockchain. It points to measures in the October 2024 UK Data Use and Access Bill which will establish a statutory footing for digital identity verification services. Central Bank Digital Currencies are Fully digital versions of existing currencies, regulated governed and backed by central banking institutions. These are seen as a new form of digital money to complement cash and bank deposits, which could enhance stability and address resilience and inclusion of the financial system
The Bank of England, the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank are at the research phase with CBDC, and more advanced pilots already underway in China (e-CNY) and India (digital rupee). 03 06 Bitcoin finance back next Cryptocurrencies are digital currencies which offer peer to peer payments like cash, using decentralised networks which avoid intermediaries.

Since Bitcoin was first proposed as a peer to peer version of electronic cash a generation ago

- ADOPTION
Global uptake and $2 Trillion capitalisation

- REGULATION:
Financial regulator support for stock market listed crypto funds since 2024, and a "crypto-friendly" US government administration from 2025

- EVOLUTION:
Further Blockchain technologies has evolved from Bitcoin's blueprint, and alternate Decentralised Finance (DeFi) systems have emerged promising more open, transparent and innovative financial products and services. the first “cryptocurrency” In the Bitcoin blockchain coins are transferred between bitcoin addresses similar to bank account numbers. Bitcoin relies on a cryptographic secret private key managed by a software wallet available only to the holder.

Each transfer is time stamped and mathematically chained to all previous transfers into an irreversible ledger. Unlike a bank's ledger, copies are distributed across all holders.

It is subject to a clever consensus scheme which decentralises control and prevents a coin being sent to more than one recipient.

Unlike central bank money, Bitcoins embedded protocols make its supply limited. It has become considered a store of value rather than a means to pay for goods. 04 06 Decentralised Digital finance insert_emoticon £ back next Enforcement of Regulatory Compliance and Auditing Meeting Sustainable Finance objectives with carbon credit tokens Recording Loyalty programs where the process of reconciling and redeeming loyalty points across partners is simplified Tokenised securities where an equity might be programmed to automatically calculate and distribute dividends This provides more accessible and efficient financial systems around assets, replacing conventional systems of transfer, trading and traceability.

Built on blockchains Digital assets can bypass custodians and middlemen. Instead they include programmability and automation provided by self-executing protocols called "smart contracts" to provide these functions. Disruptors Digital Trust technologies are also a disruptive innovation and foundational platform for future financial and payments systems Asset Tokenisation
 Asset tokenisation represents real-world things as tradeable digital tokens on a Blockchain. These have included real estate, commodities, or even art since the 2010s. check format_list_bulleted check Applications
 Decentralised Finance is the name given to alternative financial infrastructure which provides a de-centralised alternative to traditional financial services, through the managing and trading of tokens.

In Defi services like borrowing, lending and more complex exchanges of assets don’t rely on centralised institutions like banks. Instead self-executing protocols called “smart contracts” operate without intervention or the need for intermediary operators.

Where Bitcoin provided only the simple transferring of value from one party to another, other blockchain networks and tokens provide programmable functions which embed logic and conditionals into transactions. Decentralised Finance or DeFi
05 06 Case Study finance Aave is a decentralized finance (DeFi) protocol. It allows users to lend and borrow cryptocurrencies peer to peer.

A bit like a bank, users can deposit deposit funds to earn interest or borrow funds by providing collateral

Users with a stake in Aave, who are invested or are providing funds hold tokens

These activities are not managed by a banks controls and systems, instead they are automated and enforced by smart contracts. Governance is provided by Aave token holders can vote for changes to these protocols. back next 06 06 Health Energy Government
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